The Nonconformity (NC) Register provides a structured system for recording, tracking, and resolving nonconformities in your ISMS as required by ISO 27001 Clause 10.1 (Continual Improvement) and Clause 10.2 (Nonconformity and Corrective Action). Every nonconformity, regardless of source, must be recorded, investigated, corrected, and verified to demonstrate a functioning continual improvement process.

Creating a Nonconformity Record

Step 1: Open the NC Register

Navigate to the Nonconformity Register from the ISO 27001 module navigation. Click "Add Nonconformity" to create a new record.

Step 2: Enter Basic Details

The NC Reference is auto-generated (e.g., NC-2026-001). Enter the title, description, and select the classification and source.

Step 3: Assign and Set Dates

Assign a responsible person and set the target date for resolution. The status defaults to "Open".

Step 4: Investigate Root Cause

Update the status to "Under Investigation" and document the root cause analysis in the Root Cause field.

Step 5: Plan Corrective Action

Document the corrective action plan and optional preventive action. Update status to "Corrective Action Planned".

Step 6: Implement and Verify

Once corrective actions are implemented, update status to "Corrective Action Implemented". After verification that the actions are effective, update to "Verified Effective" and finally "Closed".

Form Fields Reference

FieldTypeRequiredDescription
NC ReferenceAuto-generatedAutomaticUnique reference number automatically assigned by the system. Format: NC-YYYY-NNN (e.g., NC-2026-001). Cannot be edited.
TitleText inputRequiredA concise title summarising the nonconformity. Example: "Access review process not performed for Q4 2025"
DescriptionTextareaOptionalDetailed description of the nonconformity including what was found, where, when, and by whom. State the objective evidence clearly.
ClassificationSelect dropdownOptionalSeverity classification: Major NC, Minor NC, Observation, OFI (Opportunity for Improvement). See classification definitions below.
SourceSelect dropdownOptionalWhere the nonconformity was identified. Options: Internal Audit, External Audit, Incident, Management Review, Customer Complaint, Other
StatusSelect dropdownOptionalCurrent status in the workflow (see 6-status workflow below)
Clause ReferenceText inputOptionalThe ISO 27001 clause or Annex A control that was not met. Example: "Clause 9.2", "A.5.18", "Clause 7.2"
Root CauseTextareaOptionalRoot cause analysis results. Use techniques such as 5 Whys, fishbone diagram, or fault tree analysis. Document the underlying cause, not just the symptom.
Corrective ActionTextareaOptionalThe action(s) taken to eliminate the cause of the nonconformity and prevent recurrence. Must address the root cause, not just correct the immediate issue.
Preventive ActionTextareaOptionalAdditional actions taken to prevent similar nonconformities from occurring in other areas or processes. Demonstrates proactive improvement.
Responsible PersonUser select / TextOptionalThe person accountable for investigating the NC and implementing corrective actions
Target DateDate pickerOptionalThe target date for completing all corrective actions
Completion DateDate pickerOptionalThe actual date corrective actions were completed
Verification DateDate pickerOptionalThe date the corrective actions were verified as effective
Verified ByText input / User selectOptionalThe person who verified the effectiveness of the corrective actions. Should be someone independent of the corrective action implementation.

Classification Definitions

ClassificationDefinitionExpected Response
Major NCA significant failure to meet one or more requirements of the standard, or a situation that raises significant doubt about the ISMS capability. Systemic failures, entire missing processes, or a pattern of related minor NCs.Immediate investigation required. Root cause analysis mandatory. Corrective action must be implemented and verified before certification can be maintained. Management body notification recommended.
Minor NCA single observed lapse that does not affect the overall capability of the ISMS. Isolated instances of non-compliance, missing evidence for a single requirement, or incomplete documentation.Corrective action required within the defined target date (typically 30–90 days). Root cause analysis recommended. Must be closed before next surveillance audit.
ObservationA potential concern that could develop into a nonconformity if not monitored. Not a current failure to meet a requirement.Monitor and consider preventive action. Review at next internal audit. No mandatory corrective action timeline.
OFIA suggestion for improvement beyond minimum standard requirements. Represents good practice or efficiency gains.Consider for implementation as part of continual improvement. No mandatory action. Track for management review input.

Source Options

SourceDescriptionTypical Classification
Internal AuditIdentified during a planned internal ISMS audit (Clause 9.2)All classifications possible
External AuditIdentified by the certification body during Stage 1, Stage 2, or surveillance auditsTypically Major or Minor NC
IncidentArose from an information security incident investigationTypically Minor or Major NC
Management ReviewIdentified during a management review meeting (Clause 9.3)Typically Observation or Minor NC
Customer ComplaintArising from a customer or stakeholder complaint about information securityTypically Minor NC
OtherAny other source: risk assessment, regulatory requirement, employee report, etc.Varies

Status Workflow

Every nonconformity follows a six-stage lifecycle. The status must progress through these stages in order:

StatusDescriptionNext Status
1. OpenNC has been identified and recorded. Initial details captured. Awaiting investigation.Under Investigation
2. Under InvestigationRoot cause analysis is underway. The responsible person is investigating the underlying cause of the nonconformity.Corrective Action Planned
3. Corrective Action PlannedRoot cause has been identified and a corrective action plan has been documented. The plan has been reviewed and approved.Corrective Action Implemented
4. Corrective Action ImplementedThe corrective action has been carried out. Evidence of implementation is available. Awaiting verification.Verified Effective
5. Verified EffectiveAn independent person has verified that the corrective action has been effective in eliminating the root cause. The nonconformity has not recurred.Closed
6. ClosedThe NC lifecycle is complete. All actions have been implemented and verified. The record is retained for audit trail and trend analysis purposes.N/A (final status)
⚠️
ISO 27001 Clause 10.2 requires that when a nonconformity occurs, the organisation shall: (a) react to the nonconformity by taking action to control and correct it, (b) evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes, (c) implement any action needed, (d) review the effectiveness of any corrective action taken, and (e) make changes to the ISMS if necessary. All five steps must be evidenced for each NC.

Dashboard

The NC Register dashboard provides the following views:

Open / Closed Counts

Summary cards showing the count of nonconformities in each state: Open, Under Investigation, CA Planned, CA Implemented, Verified Effective, and Closed. Major NCs are highlighted separately.

Aging Chart

A chart showing how long open nonconformities have been in their current status. NCs approaching or exceeding their target date are highlighted in amber (warning) or red (overdue). This helps management identify stuck items that need attention.

Trend Analysis

A line chart showing the number of NCs opened and closed over time, revealing trends in your ISMS maturity. A consistently decreasing trend in new NCs indicates improving processes.

💡
When recording root cause analysis, go beyond surface-level explanations. "Employee forgot" is not a root cause — ask why they forgot. Common root causes include: lack of documented procedure, inadequate training, system not configured to enforce the requirement, insufficient resources, or conflicting priorities. Use the "5 Whys" technique to drill down to the true root cause.
ℹ️
NC records are retained permanently for trend analysis and audit trail purposes. Even after closing, records remain searchable and reportable. This supports the Clause 9.3 management review input requirement for reporting on nonconformity trends.